Polysemy is the association of one word with two or more distinct meanings.
A polyseme is a word or phrase with multiple meanings.
Adjective: polysemous or polysemic.
In contrast, a one-to-one match between a word and a meaning is called monosemy.
Homonymy is the relation between words with identical forms but different meanings that is, the condition of being homonyms. A stock example is the word bank as it appears in "river bank" and "savings bank."
Homonymy and polysemy both involve one lexical form that is associated with multiple senses and as such both are possible sources of lexical ambiguity. But while homonyms are distinct lexemes that happen to share the same form, in polysemy a single lexeme is associated with multiple senses. The distinction between homonymy and polysemy is usually made on the basis of the relatedness of the senses: polysemy involves related senses, whereas the senses associated with homonymous lexemes are not related.
Examples of polysemy:
Man
1. The human species (i.e., man vs. animal).
2. Males of the human species ( i.e., man vs. woman).
3. Adult males of the human species (i.e., man vs. woman).
This example shows the specific polysemy where the same word is used
at different levels of a taxonomy. Example 1 contains 2, and 2 contains
3.
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